Download AN1603 Eight Hints for Better Scope Probing from Agilent Technologies (2011, 12 pages, 1.49 MB)
This app note contains some basic facts and hints about probes, like a comparison between passive and active probes, a quick way to check the loading effects that are caused by a probe (by adding another probe of the same kind), probe compensation, differential probes and some useful tricks. If oscilloscopes and probes are new to you, this is quite valuable. But if you already have some experience and you are seeking for advanced information, you should also take a look at Jim Williams famous AN47 High Speed Amplifier Techniques, pages 8-10, 16-24, 69-81 (this appendix is the most interesting part if you want to learn about probes) and 93-97.
You may also be interested in some other Recommendations for Introductions to Oscilloscopes (and probes).
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